Love has additional religious or spiritual meaning. The Indo-European root is also behind Latin lubet meaning it is pleasing and lubido meaning desire. “Feelings accompany the metaphysical and metapsychical fact of love, but they do not constitute it; and the feelings that accompany it can be very different. Love has therefore been seen as a mechanism to promote parental support of children for this extended time period. [1][2] An example of this range of meanings is that the love of a mother differs from the love of a spouse, which differs from the love of food. [28] In recent years, various human bonding theories have been developed, described in terms of attachments, ties, bonds, and affinities. This book is all about words – words written, words unwritten, words spoken, words unspoken, words imagined, words deleted, words carried, words discarded, words believed, words treasured. • • What is the origin of the word Snob? The traditional psychological view sees love as being a combination of companionate love and passionate love. Though modern usage of koi focuses on sexual love and infatuation, the Manyō used the term to cover a wider range of situations, including tenderness, benevolence, and material desire. [30] Another factor may be that sexually transmitted diseases can cause, among other effects, permanently reduced fertility, injury to the fetus, and increase complications during childbirth. Love often involves caring for, or identifying with, a person or thing (cf. First use of a word meaning love in any language? It can also mean "love of the mind.". As an interpersonal relationship with romantic overtones, love is sometimes contrasted with friendship, although the word love is often applied to close friendships or platonic love. The points progress from love to 15, 30, and 40, which are relatively equivalent to 0,1, 2, and 3 in points per game. Love is Good! But there is another mode for the self to exist in, the ‘I-Thou’ or ‘I-You’ relation. Chapter 14, Commitment, Love, and Mate Retention by Lorne Campbell and Bruce J. Ellis. [12] Cultural differences in conceptualizing love thus doubly impede the establishment of a universal definition.[13]. A common viewpoint of Sufism is that through love, humankind can get back to its inherent purity and grace. Some Western authorities disaggregate into two main components, the altruistic and the narcissistic. Interpersonal love is most closely associated with Interpersonal relationships. For example, Book 10 of Rig Veda describes the creation of the universe from nothing by the great heat. amō is the basic verb meaning I love, with the infinitive amare ("to love") as it still is in Italian today. He causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. [19] Fromm also described love as a conscious choice that in its early stages might originate as an involuntary feeling, but which then later no longer depends on those feelings, but rather depends only on conscious commitment. Was the first computer Bug a real insect? Numerous cultures have also distinguished Ren, Yuanfen, Mamihlapinatapai, Cafuné, Kama, Bhakti, Mettā, Ishq, Chesed, Amore, Charity, Saudade (and other variants or symbioses of these states), as culturally unique words, definitions, or expressions of love in regards to a specified "moments" currently lacking in the English language.[9][10][11]. [40] The term's origins come from the concept of lonely solitude as a result of separation from a loved one. ch_query = ch_queries[ch_selected]; The love of Radha, a cowherd girl, for Krishna is often cited as the supreme example of love for Godhead by Gaudiya Vaishnavas. The Etymology of Love written by Meriwether Clarke February 12, 2016 Author’s note: The date and definition of each word is only the Oxford English Dictionary’s first known recording of the word’s use (in English). One of the Greek words for love means to have a brotherly love towards someone. ch_vertical ="premium"; [23] Enzo Emanuele and coworkers reported the protein molecule known as the nerve growth factor (NGF) has high levels when people first fall in love, but these return to previous levels after one year. Love affair "a particular experience of love" is from 1590s. Krishna-prema is considered to make one drown in the ocean of transcendental ecstasy and pleasure. [19] In this sense, Fromm held that love is ultimately not a feeling at all, but rather is a commitment to, and adherence to, loving actions towards another, oneself, or many others, over a sustained duration. 愛 (ài) is used as both a verb (e.g. It is not water, but it washes away everything—one's pride, religious rules, and one's shyness. Liking only includes intimacy. In Christianity the practical definition of love is summarised by St. Thomas Aquinas, who defined love as "to will the good of another," or to desire for another to succeed. Some of today's swearwords did indeed originate in Old English, including shit, arse, turd, and the British bollocks.The f-word is of Germanic origin, related to Dutch, German, and Swedish words for "to strike" and "to move back and forth." Benedict XVI named his first encyclical God is love. But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, that you may be children of your Father in heaven. [41][42] However, the term also refers to any sensory enjoyment, emotional attraction and aesthetic pleasure such as from arts, dance, music, painting, sculpture and nature.[43][44]. However, in a few unusual and specific domains, such as immune systems, it seems that humans prefer others who are unlike themselves (e.g., with an orthogonal immune system), since this will lead to a baby that has the best of both worlds. (Further possible ambiguities come with usages "girlfriend", "boyfriend", "just good friends"). In contrast to kāma, prema – or prem – refers to elevated love. What we really feel is reflected in what we do. Fuck isn't an Anglo-Saxon word either. This same root also produces amicus—"friend"—and amicitia, "friendship" (often based to mutual advantage, and corresponding sometimes more closely to "indebtedness" or "influence"). It has been linked to higher levels of the chemicals oxytocin and vasopressin to a greater degree than short-term relationships have. By extension, the phrase "the etymology of [a word]" means the origin of a particular word. Finally, he does fall in love and is loved back, by God. Chesed, often translated as loving-kindness, is used to describe many forms of love between human beings. What is the origin of the word Jaywalking? People can be said to love an object, principle, or goal to which they are deeply committed and greatly value. The online etymology dictionary is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. A core concept to Confucianism is 仁 (Ren, "benevolent love"), which focuses on duty, action and attitude in a relationship rather than love itself. Early History of the Love family. Invisibility Cloaks: What You Do … [62], The term "sex radical" has been used interchangeably with the term "free lover". The Qur'an exhorts Muslim believers to treat all people, those who have not persecuted them, with birr or "deep kindness" as stated in Surah [Quran 6:8-9]. He explains that these four stages lead the lover on a journey through which his love for his beloved progressively strengthens, until he becomes completely immersed in the beloved and the beloved becomes a part of him.[47]. Latin sometimes uses amāre where English would simply say to like. Philia is motivated by practical reasons; one or both of the parties benefit from the relationship. var ch_queries = new Array( ); if ( ch_selected < ch_queries.length ) { [61], Many people in the early 19th century believed that marriage was an important aspect of life to "fulfill earthly human happiness." A Short History of Love . [19] People can also "love" material objects, animals, or activities if they invest themselves in bonding or otherwise identifying with those things. A person who practices bhakti is called a bhakta. This mentality created a vision of strongly defined gender roles, which provoked the advancement of the free love movement as a contrast. Ovid wrote a guide to dating called Ars Amatoria (The Art of Love), which addresses, in depth, everything from extramarital affairs to overprotective parents. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone. Having been created of one essence. The commandment to love other people is given in the Torah, which states, "Love your neighbor like yourself" (Leviticus 19:18). • What is the origin of the word Love? He makes the argument that beings generally approach the world from the mode of an ‘I-It’ relation. Whoever does not love does not know God, because God is love." Modern authors have distinguished further varieties of love: unrequited love, empty love, companionate love, consummate love, infatuated love, self-love, and courtly love. ch_color_border = "FFFFFF"; One should never try to blend the two. The verb is from Middle English loven, lovien, from Old English lufian (“to love”), from the … This was a love that you extended to all people, whether family members or distant strangers. The form, medium, and content may have changed, but the purpose remains the same — to communicate raw emotion. [64], The philosophy of love is a field of social philosophy and ethics that attempts to explain the nature of love. Empedocles is the last Greek philosopher who wrote in verse, which suggests that he knew the work of Parmenides, who also wrote in verse. [21] Helen Fisher, an anthropologist and human behavior researcher, divides the experience of love into three partly overlapping stages: lust, attraction, and attachment. A few others in Greek. Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect." Psychologist Erich Fromm maintained in his book The Art of Loving that love is not merely a feeling but is also actions, and that in fact, the "feeling" of love is superficial in comparison to one's commitment to love via a series of loving actions over time. Stone images of Kamadeva and Rati can be seen on the door of the Chennakeshava temple at Belur, in Karnataka, India. The Latin language has several different verbs corresponding to the English word "love." In the condition of separation, there is an acute yearning for being with the beloved and in the condition of union, there is supreme happiness and nectarean. [22] Three distinct neural circuitries, including neurotransmitters, and three behavioral patterns, are associated with these three romantic styles. The children of Adam are limbs of one body What is the origin of the term Brass Monkey. Other terms such as Priya refers to innocent love, Prema refers to spiritual love, and Kama refers usually to sexual desire. Two philosophical underpinnings of love exist in the Chinese tradition, one from Confucianism which emphasized actions and duty while the other came from Mohism which championed a universal love. History of the word 'love' Where did this word come from? A world of wronged hypocrites needs forgiving love. The 20th-century rabbi Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler is frequently quoted as defining love from the Jewish point of view as "giving without expecting to take" (from his Michtav me-Eliyahu, Vol. Instead, in Buddhism it refers to detachment and unselfish interest in others' welfare. The word is recorded from the earliest English writings in the 8th century. Some translations list it as "love of the body". "[48] The biblical book Song of Solomon is considered a romantically phrased metaphor of love between God and his people, but in its plain reading, reads like a love song. Biological models of sex tend to view love as a mammalian drive, much like hunger or thirst. This is quite different from ordinary love, which is usually about attachment and sex and which rarely occurs without self-interest. [64], All About Love: New Visions is a critically acclaimed text by feminist scholar bell hooks. //--> Love is an ancient delirium, a desire older than civilization, with taproots stretching deep into dark and mysterious days. The concept of kama is found in some of the earliest known verses in Vedas. The word is recorded from the earliest English writings in the 8th century. Similarly, a ‘rememberer’ (of God) progresses through the stages until God becomes predominant in his heart. [47], In his Paris Talks, `Abdu'l-Bahá described four types of love: the love that flows from God to human beings; the love that flows from human beings to God; the love of God towards the Self or Identity of God; and the love of human beings for human beings.[57]. He said that a human being, created in the image of God, who is love, is able to practice love; to give himself to God and others (agape) and by receiving and experiencing God's love in contemplation (eros). For most of human history, for the majority of humanity, their sustenance and survival hung by a tiny thread. Origin of love First recorded before 900; (noun) Middle English; Old English lufu, cognate with Old Frisian luve, Old High German luba, Gothic lubō; (verb) Middle English lov(i)en, Old English lufian; cognate with … [63] These are also beliefs of Feminism. Mozi, by contrast, believed people in principle should care for all people equally. (John 3:16–17, NIV) John also wrote, "Dear friends, let us love one another for love comes from God. History of Welsh Love Spoons. Greek distinguishes several different senses in which the word "love" is used. And if you greet only your own people, what are you doing more than others? [66], The text I and Thou by Jewish philosopher Martin Buber, is a radicalization of the Hegelian understanding of self and focuses on the interpersonal space between selves. Karuna is compassion and mercy, which impels one to help reduce the suffering of others. [36] It includes loyalty to friends, family, and community, and requires virtue, equality, and familiarity. Lust is the feeling of sexual desire; romantic attraction determines what partners mates find attractive and pursue, conserving time and energy by choosing; and attachment involves sharing a home, parental duties, mutual defense, and in humans involves feelings of safety and security. There are also a number of psychological disorders related to love, such as erotomania. • What is the origin of the word Jaywalking? [citation needed] The Persian word for love is Ishq, which is derived from Arabic language; however, it is considered by most to be too stalwart a term for interpersonal love and is more commonly substituted for "doost dashtan" ("liking"). Interpersonal love refers to love between human beings. The concept of 愛 (Mandarin: ài) was developed by the Chinese philosopher Mozi in the 4th century BC in reaction to Confucianism's benevolent love. Rabbinic literature differs as to how this love can be developed, e.g., by contemplating divine deeds or witnessing the marvels of nature. Practitioners of Sufism believe that love is a projection of the essence of God to the universe. • What is the origin of the term Brass Monkey? God desires to recognize beauty, and as if one looks at a mirror to see oneself, God "looks" at himself within the dynamics of nature. Following developments in electrical theories such as Coulomb's law, which showed that positive and negative charges attract, analogs in human life were developed, such as "opposites attract". What is the origin of the word Codswallop? As Thomas Aquinas explains, Christian love is motivated by the need to see others succeed in life, to be good people. Empty love only includes commitment. ch_color_text = "0D3700"; [21] Psychology sees love as more of a social and cultural phenomenon. Love as a general expression of positive sentiment (a stronger form of like) is commonly contrasted with hate (or neutral apathy). Philia (philía): Friendship, Love (but especially "platonic"). Humans are dependent on parental help for a large portion of their lifespans compared to other mammals. Agape (ἀγάπη agápē) means love in modern-day Greek. Ancient Greeks identified four forms of love: kinship or familiarity (in Greek, storge), friendship and/or platonic desire (philia), sexual and/or romantic desire (eros), and self-emptying or divine love (agape). Other Related Links: "[16] Meher Baba stated that in love there is a "feeling of unity" and an "active appreciation of the intrinsic worth of the object of love. The History of Love Letters. [6] In its various forms, love acts as a major facilitator of interpersonal relationships and, owing to its central psychological importance, is one of the most common themes in the creative arts. Furthermore, researchers as early as Charles Darwin himself identified unique features of human love compared to other mammals and credit love as a major factor for creating social support systems that enabled the development and expansion of the human species. • What is the origin of the phrase Sleep Tight? and this is the ultimate way of salvation or liberation. Peck maintains that love is a combination of the "concern for the spiritual growth of another," and simple narcissism. The Christian understanding is that love comes from God. [citation needed] By whatever name, advocates had two strong beliefs: opposition to the idea of forceful sexual activity in a relationship and advocacy for a woman to use her body in any way that she pleases. [65] The philosophical investigation of love includes the tasks of distinguishing between the various kinds of personal love, asking if and how love is or can be justified, asking what the value of love is, and what impact love has on the autonomy of both the lover and the beloved. The word agapo is the verb I love. The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, edited by David M. Buss, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. What is the origin of the term Flea Market? Passionate love is intense longing, and is often accompanied by physiological arousal (shortness of breath, rapid heart rate); companionate love is affection and a feeling of intimacy not accompanied by physiological arousal. For example, if the player serving wins the first point of a game, then the score is "15 - love" or "fifteen (to) love" in their favor. Following the Meiji Restoration 1868, the term became associated with "love" in order to translate Western literature. He is usually accompanied by his consort Rati and his companion Vasanta, lord of the spring season. The Torah's commandment to love God "with all your heart, with all your soul and with all your might" (Deuteronomy 6:5) is taken by the Mishnah (a central text of the Jewish oral law) to refer to good deeds, willingness to sacrifice one's life rather than commit certain serious transgressions, willingness to sacrifice all of one's possessions, and being grateful to the Lord despite adversity (tractate Berachoth 9:5). Infatuated love only includes passion. The earliest quotation in the Oxford English Dictionary to illustrate this word is dated approximately 85 A.D. [7] Love has been postulated to be a function that keeps human beings together against menaces and to facilitate the continuation of the species. John admonishes us to love one another in order to clarify for us the precise origin and meaning of love. Unrequited love refers to those feelings of love that are not reciprocated. Sages who searched with their heart's thought discovered the existent's kinship in the non-existent. [39][40] The term ai (愛), which is often associated with maternal love[39] or selfless love,[40] originally referred to beauty and was often used in religious context. The importance of this can be seen throughout Greek mythology—in particular, Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. Being perfectly in love with God or Krishna makes one perfectly free from material contamination. Frankly, how love became a word for zero is baffling, but so is the overall scoring system for tennis. In the epistle, he describes love as an emotion that is fostered in an individual for the beloved through four stages. Rumi, Hafiz and Sa'di are icons of the passion and love that the Persian culture and language present. Rabbi David Wolpe writes that "...love is not only about the feelings of the lover...It is when one person believes in another person and shows it." This relation is a mode that you can only step into with another conscience being and is outside of the understanding. Consequently, "I like you" (我喜欢你, Wǒ xǐhuan nǐ) is a more common way of expressing affection in Mandarin; it is more playful and less serious. Since everything is a reflection of God, the school of Sufism practices to see the beauty inside the apparently ugly. Amongst the 99 names of God (Allah), there is the name Al-Wadud, or "the Loving One," which is found in Surah [Quran 11:90] as well as Surah [Quran 85:14]. If you have no sympathy for the troubles of others Mosaic Law would hold Deuteronomy 22:22-24 "If a man is found lying with a woman married to a husband, then both of them shall die—the man that lay with the woman, and the woman; so you shall put away the evil from Israel. Modern authors have distinguished further varieties of romantic love. Karuṇā is compassion and mercy, which reduces the suffering of others. What is the origin of the phrase : The Bee's Knees? Marriage was meant for baby-making and sound finances. • What are the Canons of Etymology? Eros helps the soul recall knowledge of beauty and contributes to an understanding of spiritual truth. The color wheel theory of love defines three primary, three secondary and nine tertiary love styles, describing them in terms of the traditional color wheel. There in hymn 129, it states: कामस्तदग्रे समवर्तताधि मनसो रेतः परथमं यदासीत | Love definition is - strong affection for another arising out of kinship or personal ties. • What is the origin of the word OK? Recent studies in neuroscience have indicated that as people fall in love, the brain consistently releases a certain set of chemicals, including the neurotransmitter hormones, dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, the same compounds released by amphetamine, stimulating the brain's pleasure center and leading to side effects such as increased heart rate, loss of appetite and sleep, and an intense feeling of excitement. "[15] Bertrand Russell describes love as a condition of "absolute value," as opposed to relative value. You are not worthy to be called by the name of "man". However, there are some examples of agape used to mean the same as eros. [59], The term "free love" has been used[60] to describe a social movement that rejects marriage, which is seen as a form of social bondage. This love is unconditional and requires considerable self-acceptance. God is also referenced at the beginning of every chapter in the Qur'an as Ar-Rahman and Ar-Rahim, or the "Most Compassionate" and the "Most Merciful", indicating that nobody is more loving, compassionate and benevolent than God. In Hebrew, אהבה (ahava) is the most commonly used term for both interpersonal love and love between God and God's creations. He feels this kind of objectification and categorization is necessary to make sense of the world and conduct oneself in it. [35], Philia (φιλία philía), a dispassionate virtuous love, was a concept addressed and developed by Aristotle in his Nicomachean Ethics Book VIII. Love was for excitement, drama and sex. It is a much more potent sentiment than a simple liking for a person. © english-for-students.com. • What is the origin of the word Grockle? Love is a cosmic force.”[67]. In this tradition, salvation or liberation is considered inferior to love, and just an incidental by-product. Kamadeva is often pictured holding a bow of sugar cane and an arrow of flowers; he may ride upon a great parrot. He explains that both love and remembrance have four stages. This is not metaphor but actuality: love does not cling to an I, as if the You were merely its ‘content’ or object; it is between I and You. Scientific research on emotion has increased significantly over the past two decades. This word would be appropriate to describe the friendship of two men. “Every You in the world is doomed by its nature to become a thing or at least to enter thinghood again and again”. [39] The third term, ren'ai (恋愛), is a more modern construction that combines the kanji characters for both ai and koi, though its usage more closely resembles that of koi in the form of romantic love. The reciprocal love between Radha (the supreme lover) and Krishna (God as the Supremely Loved) is the subject of many poetic compositions in India such as the Gita Govinda and Hari Bhakti Shuddhodhaya. While no one can really pinpoint the origin of the word, it has appeared rather a lot in literature and Shakespeare (the man who pretty much invented the modern day English language) was a … [34] However, with Greek (as with many other languages), it has been historically difficult to separate the meanings of these words totally. Maara is another name for kāma. Agape (agápē): Divine, unconditional love.Sometimes Christians will refer to this love that they receive from God and have for each other. All rights reserved. ch_width = 550; Greek distinguishes several different senses in which the word "love" is used. Just like the word “love” in English can also refer to a score of zero in tennis, which has nothing to do with the feeling of love. } Although eros is initially felt for a person, with contemplation it becomes an appreciation of the beauty within that person, or even becomes appreciation of beauty itself. [citation needed], Aziz Nasafi, a famous Muslim mystic from Central Asia and Iran, wrote the “Epistle on Love” (Risala fi’l ‘Ishq) in his work The Book of the Perfect Man (Kitab Insan al-Kamil). It was understood that there would always be a tension between the two. "[52] And so, in the analysis of a Catholic theologian, for Pope Francis, "the key to love...is not our activity. The Free Love movement's initial goal was to separate the state from sexual matters such as marriage, birth control, and adultery. 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