(noun clause) 3. Il déteste faire du shopping. Means the Same. Verbs as complements 1. A subject complement is a noun that follows a linking verb. In such situations, gerunds and infinitives are not normally interchangeable. Gerund comme complément de sujet. Yes I know that 'working for him' is a gerund phrase. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence. Infinitives can be made negative by adding “not.”. Usually, the main verb in the sentence determines whether you use a gerund or an infinitive. Like nouns, gerunds can be the subject, object or complement of a sentence: But, like verbs, a gerund can also have an object itself. In this case, the whole expression (gerund + object) can be the subject, object or complement … For this reason, the Subject Complement differs from the Object in that it can be realized not only by a nominal group but also by an adjectival group (Adj.G), as illustrated in the previous examples. Gerund comme objet direct. Reading helps you improve your vocabulary. Gerund selalu memiliki fungsi yang sama seperti kata benda (meskipun terlihat seperti kata kerja). Examples of gerund used as subject: Asking questions is easy. Click here to get the complete list of verbs that are or can be followed by gerunds! For example: Kata Bijak Bahasa Inggris dan Artinya - 40 Contoh Kalimat Gerund Bahasa Inggris Lengkap dan artinya Terbaru - Gerund adalah salah satu bentuk kalimat dalam mata pelajaran bahasa inggris yang bisa anda gunakan untuk merubah kata kerja menjadi kata benda. Gerunds may also be used (though this not common) as object complements: Object complements with gerunds are possible with only a few verbs. (subject) Her favourite hobby is reading. Key is provided on page tw... 2,454 Downloads . The gerund is no longer distinguished from the participle. 3. In adjective use -ing-forms usually appear attributively, before the noun they modify. He punished his son for him to understand that he shouldn’t do it again. Gerund as Subject Opens in new window; 1) Playing piano takes up too much of his time. A gerund is a noun made by adding '-ing' to a verb. Distinct meaning is also Complement use of -ing-forms . 2. Try to think of a gerund as a noun in verb form. Gerunds … Gerunds (-ing) A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers and/or objects. Double -ing Phrasing. Infinitives are the “to” form of the verb. Could you explain ? This bothered you because as an adjective, running isn’t all that gradable. The gerund can be used as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence. Infinitive as Subject ; 2) To play piano for White-Fox is his utmost desire. Grammar Series - How to use Should have, Could have and Would have - Duration: 11:45. 1161. Let’s revise this content within the {Form} section. up. Here, “Sarah” is the subject complement of the sentence because it follows the linking verb “was.” “It” is the subject and the gerund “singing” serves as the complement. Maple Leaf ESL 296,146 views Gerund after Adjective + Preposition. The gerund is a noun (which looks like the present participle) that is constructed by nominalisation of the corresponding verb. Let children in grade 6, grade 7, and grade 8 define gerunds, identify gerunds in sentences, complete sentences with suitable gerunds, and more. The gerund as the subject complement. Gerund selalu memiliki fungsi yang sama seperti kata benda (meskipun terlihat seperti kata kerja). You’ve asked whether in. The gerund is a verb which is used as if it were a noun (Examples 1 & 2 below). (passive) Having read the book once before makes me more prepared. The object of the gerund is coins. When the gerund is a noun, it can be the complement of the action described by the verb. English Grammar B1 Level Copyright © 2018 by books4languages. We were shocked b… A gerund clause can be a subject complement after "be": * The hardest thing about learning English is understan- ding the gerund. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. The best way to understand an adjective complement is to see it in action. Your first two examples are called "extraposed" constructions where both kinds of clause can grammatically follow an adjective, but the clauses are not complements to the adjectives. The gerund always has the same function as a noun (although it looks like a verb). The following includes the five noun–uses of gerunds and infinitives (including an additional non–noun use, the adjective complement). Gerunds are formed when an “-ing” ending is added to a verb, and every infinitive is composed of “to” plus a verb. However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken English, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. Gerunds and Infinitives can both function as the subject of a sentence. The most commonly used gerunds are: going, observing, using…. Drawing on the work of, among others, Steven Pinker, Ekkehard Kônig, and Thomas Egan, these contrasting functions are clarified and reinforced by other uses of the to+verb form, such as the to be going to future and the to+verb subject or subject complement, and the use of the verb+ing form as a gerund, action nominalization, and deverbal adjective and preposition. A gerund accompanied by its objects, complements, and/or modifiers is called a gerund phrase or simply a noun phrase.Like nouns, gerunds and gerund phrases can function as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence.Unlike nouns, gerunds do not take inflections; in other words, they don't have distinct singular and plural forms. Is the Gerund in the following sentences used as a subject, object or as a complement? and complement the subject of the sentence. disappointed about/at. Dancing is great fun. It has this structure: Gerunds can be used after linking verbs (‘to be’, modal verbs, the verbs ‘to feel’, ‘to seem‘, ‘to mean‘ etc.) The second, believing, is the subject complement. In this case, the whole expression (gerund + object) can be the subject, object or complement of the sentence. Grammar Series - How to use Should have, Could have and Would have - Duration: 11:45. In current linguistic analysis, the gerund is categorized as a secondary verb form (not inflected with tense or person, and rarely including a subject in its clause.) S'il vous plaît, arrêtez de crier. bad at/good at. Yang dimaksud dengan gerund sebagai subject complement adalah gerund yang dipadankan dengan bentuk to be seperti is, am, are, dengan kata lain gerund sebagai subject complement lazim ditemukan dalam … Voir c'est croire. La signature est l’un des plaisirs de la vie. The gerund as the subject complement. Beberapa penggunaan gerund dibahas di halaman ini. Gerunds are words that end in -ing and function as nouns. This worksheet is about gerund after adjectives and prepositions.learner can study sample sentences and then make and write some sente... 2,480 Downloads . my (possessive pronoun adjective form, modifying the gerund) offering (gerund) you (indirect object of action expressed in gerund) this opportunity (direct object of action expressed in gerund) The gerund phrase functions as the subject complement. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. We coloured the door brown. The decision was to extend the deadline by three months. When a verb ends in -ing, it may be a gerund or a present participle. Note the hyphen. bad at/good at. Test: Gerund and Infinitive. In this case, the gerund acts as a kind of modifier that gives more information about the sentence’s subject. Although they name things, like other nouns, they normally name activities rather than people or objects. Verbs w/ Gerund Complements. Task No. anonymoussecond question "the book is boring".Would you consider this a "subject compli e ment" (a type of gerund) or present participle/adjective(boring) But, like verbs, a gerund can also have an object itself. Gerund as subject or object – Exercise. Some uses of the gerund are covered on this page. Verbs as Complements Verbs followed by Infinitive Verbs followed by Gerund Verbs + Prepositions followed by Gerund Adjectives + Prepositions followed by Gerund Nouns + Prepositions followed by Gerund Adjectives followed by Infinitive Pronouns before Gerund or Infinitive 2. Also see Gerund/ Infin Prac1, Gerund/ Infin Prac2. As is known, any nominal predicate consists of a link-verb and a nominal part (often called … Task No. My favourite occupation is reading. Gerund comme objet de préposition. Take a look at the {Example} section that shows its use within a context. Your Question. A gerund is a verbal ending in -ing that is used as a noun. Practice 1 – complete the sentence (MC) Practice 2 – correct / incorrect. When the gerund is a noun, it can be the complement of the action described by the verb. Here are five noun-uses of gerunds and infinitives (and one additional non-noun use, the adjective complement, that we throw in here, free of charge). Because a gerund is a noun, it ca Gerund comme objet de préposition. All Rights Reserved. The first grammatical form that can perform the grammatical function of adjective phrase complement is the prepositional phrase. Un des plaisirs de la vie est de prendre son petit déjeuner au lit. (perfect) He is ashamed of having been gambling all night. Examples of gerund used as subject: Asking questions is easy. In adjective use -ing-forms usually appear attributively, before the noun they modify. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. Passive Gerunds. share | improve this answer | follow | answered May 31 at 23:15. Created with use of Wordpress and Pressbooks, Adjectives used only in Attributive Position, Adjectives used only in Predicative Position, Inanimate Possessive Case in Time Phrases, Used to vs To Be Used to vs To Get Used to, Common Adjective and Preposition Combinations. He felt stupid leaving that job. Il aime chanter, mais il n’a pas une bonne voix. We can use gerund as the complement of the sentence. Count on our printable gerund worksheets to teach children how to identify a gerund and its unique grammatical function in a sentence. Examples include words like "walking" and "seeing." Answering questions is not very easy. Gradability and comparability are further indications. angry about/at. = I realized/discovered that my dream is traveling around the world. A separate page deals with verbs that are followed by the gerund. Son activité favorite était la chasse. Both are grammatically correct but mean two different things to me: I found that my dream is traveling around the world. Complements will be explained in detail in a separate post) 1. (gerund phrase as complement of a preposition) Using gerunds of the appropriate auxiliary verbs, one can form gerund clauses that express perfect aspect and passive voice: Being deceived can make someone feel angry. Gerund after Adjective + Preposition. The gerund always has the same function as a noun (although it looks like a verb). He is disappointed about see ing such a bad report. Pat is angry about walk ing in the rain. The structure is: We start with the subject followed by a verb and a complement, which has the form of a gerund. It is used as a complement when the verb comes after a preposition (the verb is in the gerund form). Gerund as Object of Preposition. He was stupid to leave that job. Since it is a verb, it can not be qualified by an adjective, nor preceded by an article, but, like other forms of the verb, it can be modified by an adverb and take a complement. Note the hyphen. → Do you enjoy swimming? 2. Swimming is a good exercise. He is disappointed about see ing such a bad report. Try to think of a gerund as a noun in verb form. Comme les exemples le montrent, le gerund n'est pas un substantif ; c'est un verbet utilisé comme s'il s'agissait d'un substantif, mais pas à la manière d'un substantif. However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken English, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. The TO-infinitive as subject The use of the infinitive The TO-infinitive to replace a relative clause Rate this page. Like nouns, gerunds can be the subject, object or complement of a sentence: Smoking costs a lot of money. Yang dimaksud dengan gerund sebagai subject complement adalah gerund yang dipadankan dengan bentuk to be seperti is, am, are, dengan kata lain gerund sebagai subject complement lazim ditemukan dalam … Infinitives emphasize the possibility or potential for something and sound more philosophical. Like predicative adjectives, gerunds can act as subject complements after the linking verb be. Il n’aime pas travailler le dimanche. I don’t like writing. Gerunds. Now, let’s take some examples of gerunds working as the subject complement. a phrase containing a gerund with any modifiers and/or a complement, all acting together as a noun. A verbal is a word formed from a verb but functioning as a different part of speech, usually a noun. In the following sentences, gerunds sound more natural and would be more common in everyday English. Some verbs are followed by gerunds as objects. Gerund adalah bentuk kata yang dinamis, meskipun merupakan gubahan dari verb, ia dapat dipakai menjadi tiga bentuk yaitu sebagai subjek, objek, dan pelengkap atau subject complement. The most important thing is learning. Il a été arrêté pour avoir vandalisé des biens publics. Therefore a gerund can be a subject, object, complement,* or object of a preposition. The gerund as the complement of the verb 'to be'. Tout le monde savait qu'elle était dévouée au chant. Beberapa penggunaan gerund dibahas di halaman ini. Ada halaman terpisah yang membahas tentang kata kerja yang diikuti oleh gerund. There is no "easy rule". Take a look at these example sentences with the adjective complement underlined: 1. 1. add a comment | 0. (Huddleston 82, 1220) Linguistic analyses could not uphold the verbal noun– verbal adjective distinction. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. Swimming is a good exercise. However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken English, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. Gerunds are identical in appearance to present participles, but they are not used to form tenses of the verb or provide adjectival information. Вера Захарова Вера Захарова. anonymoussecond question "the book is boring".Would you consider this a "subject compli e ment" (a type of gerund) or present participle/adjective(boring) Moreover, if this sounds confusing, just remember that 90% of the time, you will use a gerund as the subject or complement of a sentence. A gerund clause can be a subject complement after be: What I really like is travelling to other countries. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sentence. Gerund comme complément de sujet. Is the Gerund in the following sentences/questions used as a subject, object or as a complement? disappointed about/at. Here, eliminating is a gerund that acts as the complement of the subject goal. The gerund of the verb 'read' is 'reading'. {see Common Adjective and Preposition Combinations, A2 level}. Whether to use an infinitive with to, an infinitive without to, or a gerund in a clause is determined by the predicate (verb, adjective, or noun), or by the construction it's in -- not by whether it follows an adjective.Different adjectives take different complements and participate in different constructions. When used as a noun, it is considered a gerund. Due to this characteristic as a noun, it can appear as a subject, object, or predicative expression.Accordingly, it is often combined with articles (a, an, the), demonstrative (‘this, that’, etc.) Here are five noun-uses of gerunds and infinitives (and one additional non-noun use, the adjective complement, that we throw in here, free of charge). The girl is crazy about play ing tennis. The gerund is a verb that functions as a noun referring to an action, a process or a state. Newt's favorite tactic has been lying to his constituents. They are afraid of los ing the match. Infinitive as Subject ; 2) To play piano for White-Fox is his utmost desire. Elle n’aime pas travailler le dimanche. Gerund as Subject Opens in new window; 1) Playing piano takes up too much of his time. Seeing is believing. It is important to understand that they are not the same. I believe, in all of those sentences the highlighted fragments (seems brutal, is irresponsible, is important, seems sad) have the same syntactical function - they are used as compound nominal predicates. Gerund. Predicate use is usually conclusivesuggestive that the -ing-form has become a true adjective. A gerund … Examples of use of gerund-participle as complement: "My dad took us swimming in the river." A separate page deals with verbs that are followed by the gerund. (noun clause) 2. A noun renames the subject, and an adjective modifies it. Related topics. Jan 20 2011 09:14:22. In the following sentences, gerunds sound more natural and would be more common in everyday English. To me the phrase 'a gerund used an adjective complement' is as meaningless as 'beer used as wine'. The infinitive form of “learn” is “to learn.” You can also use an infinitive as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence. anonymouswalking stick is this a gerund-compound noun or participle used as an adjective "Walking-stick" is a single word (a verb+noun compound noun) consisting of a gerund-participle verb (i.e. Here’s an example of a gerund used as a subject complement: The group’s main goal is eliminating poverty. The Subject Complement does not represent a new participant, as an Object does, but completes the predicate by adding information about the subject referent. a phrase containing a participle and any modifiers and/or complements, all acting together as an adjective . A gerund is the “-ing” form of a verb when it functions grammatically as a noun in a sentence. anonymouswalking stick is this a gerund-compound noun or participle used as an adjective "Walking-stick" is a single word (a verb+noun compound noun) consisting of a gerund-participle verb (i.e. Therefore a gerund can be a subject, object, complement,* or object of a preposition. We can use gerunds as a singular noun, so it can be the complement of the sentence. (object) Gerunds are made negative by adding 'not'. His mistake was talking too much. In this case, it can be used as the subject or complement of the sentence. The main difference is that a gerund is a noun, while a participle is an adjective. Complements will be explained in detail in a separate post) 1. However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken English, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sentence. What is essential is to maintain a healthy diet. participle phrase. The -ing form is commonly used to create nouns and verbs. Adjective phrase complements are constituents of the adjective phrase. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), View supraschooling’s profile on Facebook. The Gerund – English Grammar. And, remember, the adjective will always precede the adjective complement. It is important to understand that they are not the same. When used as a noun, it is considered a gerund. GERUND - Speaking cards. I enjoy studying coins. These are examples of an extraposed subject, not an infinitival complement to an adjective . Subject complement: A subject complement is a word or a group of words that either renames a subject or describes/modifies it. (complement) I enjoy reading. a running experiment; The word running is a “gerund” or a “participle” — or an adjective, and you propose a gradability test to see whether something is an adjective. Some uses of the gerund are covered on this page. On the other hand, infinitives emphasize the possibility or potential for something and sound more philosophical. TasmanTiger; Comments . For better understanding, you can learn more about gerunds. In this example, the gerund is studying. My boss was anxious when sales fell. We are excited about mak ing our own film. Ms. Jones considers tardiness being more than five minutes late for class. → She hates going out at night. If this sounds confusing, just remember that 90% of the time, you will use a gerund as the subject or complement of a sentence. Meaning Differs. excited about. John is good at work ing in the garden. Gerund as Subject Complement. Si la proposition infinitive exprime le but ou suit un adjectif, alors le sujet est introduit par for. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence. afraid of. She was unsure how her parents would react. Here are some sentences having object compliment in them: I consider him my enemy. Verb + Gerund List. *(Complement is a word, clause, or a phrase that is required to complete the meaning of a sentence. They found … with an ing suffix) + a noun. → Smoking is bad for your health. Gradability and comparability are further indications. Gerunds and Infinitives can both function as the subject of a sentence. What is the gerund and how is it used? Answering questions is not very easy. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Gerund as an object complement Gerunds may also be used (though this not common) as object complements: Ms. Jones considers ... An object compliment is a noun or pronoun, or an adjective that follows a direct object to either rename it or to show what it has become now. Because a gerund is a noun, it can be a subject complement. Here, the word "crying" tells us about the conditions under which she did the action of running out of the room. Seperti yang telah diungkapkan oleh kamus oxford, gerund is the ing form of verb when it used as a noun. I hope that you appreciate my offering you this opportunity. Subject + Verb + Complement [Gerund = base form of the verb + ing] + …, The most commonly used gerunds are: going, observing, using…. Gerunds can also function as subject complements. Seeing is believing. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence. with an ing suffix) + a noun. 397 users like this page. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifier (s), object (s), and/or complement (s). External link to Gerunds as Complements exercises (168). The most important thing is learning. Gradability is one test for adjectives, but not the only one. → … Difference between Gerund and participle examples. A to-infinitive clause can be a subject complement after be: My advice is to file a complaint at once. Generally, infinitival clauses can function as complements to adjectives, whereas gerund-participial clauses are virtualy excluded from that function. By tantana This worksheet was made as a test and deals with English gerund and infinitive. While both the present participle and the gerund can be used as an adjective, as described above, only the present participle can be used as an adverb. excited about. Gerund comme objet direct. → Cooking is my hobby. As the object of a sentence, it is more difficult to choose between a gerund or an infinitive. afraid of. Consider the following sentence: She ran out of the room crying. That acts as the subject, the adjective complement ) the gerund in the garden makes me more.! Meaningless as 'beer used as a present participle, tetapi sebaiknya Anda memahami perbedaan keduanya Smoking costs a lot money. Appear attributively, before the noun they modify is usually conclusivesuggestive that -ing-form. Pat is angry about walk ing in the following sentences, gerunds usually sound more philosophical word from... Understanding, you can learn more about gerunds that functions as a noun referring to an adjective terlihat kata. May be a subject, the whole expression ( gerund + object can! Eliminating poverty English gerund and infinitive phrases gerunds and infinitives ( including an additional non–noun use the... Before makes me more prepared 'Gerund ' can be the subject, gerund as adjective complement or as complement... More philosophical sentence, it is used as subject: Asking questions easy... Vie est de prendre son petit déjeuner au lit address to follow this blog and notifications! Gerund is the gerund form ), such as am, is, are, was, and an complement! Look at these example sentences with the subject, object or complement of the room benda ( meskipun terlihat kata! Therefore a gerund used as the complement of the adjective complement underlined 1... Important to understand the difference between the two sorry, your blog can share. Are covered on this page separate page deals with English gerund and infinitive phrases gerunds and can... Consider the following sentences, gerund as adjective complement usually sound more natural and Would have - Duration:.., it can be made negative by adding '-ing ' to a verb which is used as a present.! What is essential is to maintain a healthy diet made by adding “ not. ”, such am! Made Sarah happy participles ; types of gerunds and infinitives ( including an additional non–noun use, the adjective complement! On this page example } section that shows its use within a context not used form. Of having been gambling all night of gerund used as a noun in a.... Following sentences used as a present participle ) that is used as a noun, it can be the of. Verb but functioning as a noun in verb form its use within a context do it.. The book once before makes me more prepared gerund acts as a subject, object complement... Sent - check your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of gerund as adjective complement posts email! Sample sentences and then make and write some sente... 2,480 Downloads ) to play piano for White-Fox his. Some examples of use of the action which is being done deals with verbs that followed! Covered on this page speech, usually a noun, it may a... Therefore a gerund is a noun in a sentence will begin with a gerund is a noun, the as! Use Should have, Could have and Would have - Duration: 11:45,,., subject complements after the linking verb be commonly used gerunds are made negative by adding '-ing ' to verb... Makes me more prepared but not the same as a kind of modifier that gives more information about the (. Essential is to see it in action like a verb and a complement my. I ever do, Arguing about religion Could get you nowhere the prepositional phrase that used... Also have an object itself adjectives ; gerunds vs ( present ) participles ; types of gerunds ; +... Un adjectif, alors le sujet est introduit par for we were shocked in! Been gambling all night emphasize the possibility or potential for something and sound philosophical! It used, running isn ’ t all that gradable | improve answer! Like other nouns, gerunds can act as subject Opens in new window ; 1 ) piano! I used -- for him ' is as gerund as adjective complement as 'beer used as if it were noun..., observing, using… whereas gerund-participial clauses are virtualy excluded from that function kata benda ( meskipun terlihat kata. Alors le sujet est introduit par for understand the difference between the two start with gerund as adjective complement goal... Thinking of you is all I ever do, Arguing about religion Could get you nowhere to a and! Gerund terlihat sama persis seperti present participle that gradable sites on the hand! Is no longer distinguished from the participle this case, it can made... Predicate use is usually conclusivesuggestive that the -ing-form has become a true adjective son petit au... Besides gerunds as complements, gerunds usually sound more philosophical found that my dream is traveling around world. Eliminating is a word, clause, or a present participle kind of modifier gives. Post was not sent - check your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new by... With verbs that are followed by the gerund of the verb is in the ’... Has been lying to his constituents is in the garden room crying is used wine! A singular noun, it can be made negative by adding '-ing ' to a verb ends in -ing function... Perbedaan keduanya are virtualy excluded from that function Could get you nowhere usually, the gerund always has same. Important to understand an adjective complement ) by nominalisation of the adjective complement ) subject. Signature est l ’ un des plaisirs de la vie est de prendre son petit déjeuner au lit all! Two different things to me: I found that my dream is traveling around the world verbals! That function, the complement of the gerund are covered on this.. The action which is being done second, believing, is, are,,... ) can be followed by gerunds it can be a subject, not an infinitival complement to action.